ISOLASI DAN UJI TOKSISITAS METABOLIT SEKUNDER EKSTRAK n-HEKSANA DAUN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin) SISA HIDRODISTILASI

Abstract

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) is a species of the Lamiaceae family originating from the Philippines which is widely used in traditional medicine. In this study, the solid waste of hydrodistillation of patchouli was used. This remaining, has never been reported for its isolation and extraction of secondary metabolite. This study aimed to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites from hydrodistillation residue of n-hexane extract of patchouli leaves and to perform toxicity tests using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. The remaining of hydrodistilled patchouli leaves were macerated with methanol and partitioned with various solvents (n-hexane and ethyl acetate). Separation of the n-hexane extract was carried out using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) which resulted in 12 fractions. In addition, the isolation of compounds was carried out on fraction 9 by flash chromatography method and obtained 114 separation vials. In the separation a crude crystalline solid was form and it was recrystallized to purify. Purification of the compound was carried out on vial 67 and 50.2 mg yellowish white crystals were obtained with a melting point of 248-250°C. Pure compounds (coded PCN-H-V9-FL67) were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy which showed absorption at wave numbers 3293 cm-1 (O-H), 2957-2871 cm-1 (C-H), 1557 cm-1 (C=C), 1451 cm-1 (CH2), 1371 cm-1 (CH3), 1070 cm-1 and 1023 cm-1 (C-O) indicating of daucosterol. Toxicity test showed that n-hexane extract and PCN-H-V9-FL67 were not toxic with LC50 of both values greater than > 1000 ppm.