Abstract:
Magnetic and morphological properties of magnetic nanoparticles of natural sand from Sungai
Suci Beach in Pondok Kelapa District, Bengkulu Province have been determined. The natural
sand that has been extracted was processed using an Iron Sand Separator (ISS) then the product
was milled using ball milling which separated between magnetic and non-magnetic minerals
using magnet Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB). The NdFeB product was milled using ball milling
for 120 hours with a milling ball diameter of 1.5 cm the result is called BM I product. BM I
products were doped using Manganese with concentrations of 0wt.%, 5wt.%, 10wt.%, 15wt.%
and, 20wt.%. The doping process was carried out using ball milling for 20 hours with a milling
ball diameter of 1.5 cm, the result is called BM II Product. The solenoid magnetic induction (B0)
and the total solenoid magnetic induction (BT) were measured using the Pasco Magnetic Probe
PS-216. The magnetic susceptibility of the sample was calculated based on the values of B0 and
BT. The magnetic properties of BM II products were determined using a Vibrating Sample
Magnetometer (VSM) based on the hysteresis loop. The results showed that the magnetization
value decreased with the increase of manganese concentration, the coercivity (Hc) and loop
squareness values increased with the increase of manganese, the remanent magnetization value
varied with the maximum value at 10wt.% manganese concentration. Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM) was used to determine the morphology of the samples. Along with the addition
of manganese concentration, clumping or agglomeration occurred in the BM II Mn10 wt.% and
BM II Mn 20 wt.% samples and the particle sizes became smaller and finer.
