SINTESIS ELEKTRODA KARBON DARI LIMBAH BIOMASSA SERABUT PALEM PUTRI UNTUK APLIKASI SEL SUPERKAPASITOR

Abstract

Supercapacitors are renewable energy storage devices consisting of electrodes, electrolytes, current collectors, and separators. Electrodes are one of the most important components in supercapacitors because they are made of nanoscale materials that have high surface area and porosity. In this study, carbon electrodes were made from palm fiber biomass waste with variations in the physical activation temperature of 650℃, 700℃, and 750℃ with the sample codes being SPP-650, SPP- 700, and SPP-750, respectively. The manufacture of carbon electrodes is carried out by several processes, namely pre-carbonization process, chemical activation with KOH activator, carbonization process using N2 gas at a temperature of 600 ⁰C and physical activation using CO2 gas. Thermal analysis using TGA resulted in mass reduction at a temperature of 288,9℃ with a maximum speed of 0,903 mg/min. The highest density value is found on the carbon electrode with a sample of SPP-700 with a mass loss percentage value of 31,52%. Supercapacitor cells SPP-650, SPP-700, and SPP-750 produced specific capacitance values of 194,822 F/g, 231,108 F/g, and 167,477 F/g, respectively. The temperature of 700℃ is the best temperature in the synthesis of activated carbon electrodes from palm fiber biomass which can improve the performance of supercapacitor cells