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Browsing by Author "Linggawati, Amilia"

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Adsorpsi Pb (II) oleh Lempung Alam Desa Talanai (Das Kampar)modifikasi NaOH
(2013-03-21) Linggawati, Amilia; Muhdarina; Nurhayati; Amri, T. Arifiil; Yulis, Andri; Herlinda
Modifikasi lempung merupakan salah satu upaya memperbaiki karakter lempung alam. Penggunaan NaOH untuk memodifikasi lempung telah meningkatkan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) lempung. Berdasarkan peningkatan KTK diprediksi bahwa lempung hasil modifikasi dengan NaOH dapat menjerap kation. Aplikasi lempung termodifikasi NaOH ini digunakan untuk menjerap kation Pb(II). Daya jerap lempung terhadap Pb(II) dipelajari dari pengaruh waktu kontak, konsentrasi adsorbat, temperatur dan pH pada proses penjerapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penjerapan Pb^^ oleh lempung terrmodifikasi NaOH lebih tinggi daripada lempung alam dengan peningkatan sekitar 0,1-0,25 mg/g lempung. Penjerapan tertinggi Pb^^ oleh lempung modifikasi(97,7%) terjadi pada waktu kontak 60 menit, konsentrasi adsorbat 20 ppm, suhu 30°C dan pH 6.
ANALISIS HASIL OKSIDASI BROMOCRESOL PURPLE OLEH LAKASE Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1 MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETER FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRA RED
(Elfitra, 2022-05) Wulandari, Nuria; Nugroho, Titania T.; Linggawati, Amilia
Trichoderma asperellum LBKURCC1 is one of the biocontrol agents capable of producing the enzyme laccase. Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) is an extracellular enzyme that contains copper ions and catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of various -OH containing substrates. T. asperellum LBKURCC1 laccase is able to oxidize several triphenylmethane textile dyes, including Bromocresol purple (BCP) dye. This study explores chemical changes of the dye, Bromocresol purple (BCP) by treatment with crude extracts of T. asperellum LBKURCC1 by analyzing its Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectrum to determine changes in functional groups. The FTIR results did not show any addition or reduction of functional groups in BCP buffer controls, in BCP treated with the inactive enzyme, and with BCP treated with the active enzyme for 30 minutes and 6 days, respectively. However, there was a slight difference in the FTIR spectrum between 30 minutes and 6 days treatments, for all experiments, namely a decrease in the stretching of 2850 cm-1 due to the widening of the O-H stretching. This indicates that BCP is oxidized and leads to a more polar compound because the intensity of the O-H stretch increases and C-H which is a non-polar group decreases.
Aplikasi Koagulan Cair Al-Fe Berbasis Lempung Alam Pada Pengolahan Air Gambut: Efek Temperatur Kalsinasi Dan Pelindian
(2015-09-15) Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia; Amri, Ariful; Syahroni, Reza; Sutrisno, Hevi
Koagulan cair Al-Fe berbasis lempung alam telah disintesis melalui 2 tahap proses, kalsinasi dan pelindian. Kalsinasi lempung alam selama 3 jam pada temperatur 500 dan 700C, diikuti dengan tahap pelindian di dalam media 0,2 mol asam sulfat selama 2 jam pada temperatur 30, 60 dan 100C. Proses koagulasi dilakukan terhadap air gambut dengan mengamati parameter pH, warna, kekeruhan, total padatan tersuspensi (TSS) dan total padatan terlarut (TDS) air gambut. Hasil koagulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan temperatur kalsinasi dan temperatur pelindian lempung alam menyebabkan perbaikan parameter air gambut setelah proses koagulasi. Kalsinasi pada temperatur 700C dan pelindian pada 100C menghasilkan air gambut dengan pH 8,05; warna 206 TCU, kekeruhan 4 NTU, TSS 7 mg/L dan TDS 287 mg/L dibandingkan dengan kondisi awal air gambut dengan pH 5,19; warna 478 TCU, kekeruhan 26 NTU, TSS 219 mg/L dan TDS 2013 mg/L. Kecuali parameter warna, nilai parameter pH, kekeruhan, TSS dan TDS air gambut hasil koagulasi telah memenuhi PERMENKES No.492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010 tentang persyaratan air minum.
APLIKASI KOAGULAN POLYALUMINUM CHLORIDE DARI LIMBAH KEMASAN SUSU DALAM MENURUNKAN KEKERUHAN DAN WARNA AIR GAMBUT
(2016-05-02) Kurniawan, Arif; Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia
Aluminum foil of milk packaging waste has a high aluminum content, so it can be used in the synthesis of coagulants Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC). The content of aluminum in the waste was extracted using HCl 15% for 150 minutes at room temperature to produce monomer AlCl3. AlCl3 monomer formed was polymerized by the addition of Na2CO3 25% and waiting for 24 hours in order to obtain a liquid coagulant Polyaluminum Chloride. PAC coagulant was characterized by pH and aluminum content, then it was compared to PAC SNI 06-3822-1995. Synthetic PAC coagulant was used in peat water treatment processes in order to decrease parameters turbidity and color intensity, then it was compared to PERMENKES No.492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 about "Drinking Water Quality Requirements". PAC coagulant showed that pH 2.3 and Al2O3 content 1.07%. Synthetic PAC coagulant successfully reduced turbidity and color intensity of peat water after coagulation by 97.98% and 98.54%, respectively. Based on these parameters, only parameter turbidity have qualified PERMENKES No.492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010.
ARANG CANGKANG KETAPANG (Terminalia catappa) SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK MENGADSORPSI KATION Fe(III) DI DALAM LARUTAN
(2017-01-06) Adinda, Nurul; Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia
Leaves and fruits of ketapang tree (Terminalia catappa) produce biomass waste in Riau University campus every day. On the other hand, biomass waste is carbon sources which could potentially be converted into charcoal. In this research, the waste of shell fruit of ketapang was carbonized at 500 oC for 15 minutes to produce ketapang shell charcoal (ACK). The adsorption ability of ACK has been studied using cation of Fe(III) with various of contact times (15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes), adsorbent dosages (0.5; 1; 2 and 3 g), and adsorbate concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ppm). The amount of Fe(III) adsorbed by the adsorbent was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and determined appropriate equilibrium model. The results showed that the optimum adsorption conditions of Fe(III) cation by ACK were at 15 minutes of contact time, 0.5 g of adsorbent dosage, and 30 ppm of adsorbate concentration with adsorption capacity of 2.2073 mg g-1.
Biodiesel Production from Waste Frying Oil: Using H2S04 and Transesterification Using Derived from Anadara granosa Esterification Cao Catalyst
(wahyu sari yeni, 2018-10-22) Nurhavati, Nurhavati; Muhdarina, Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia; Amri, Tengku Ariful
Biodiesel is one of an environmentally friendly alternative fuels. This study aimed to synthesize biodiesel from waste frying oil by the two step catalytic process, esterification of free fatty acids using sulfuric acid catalyst and transesterification of trigycerides using Cao catalyst derived from blood cockle shells (anadaro granosa). Cao catalyst was prepared by coarsely grounded cockie shell using a mortar pestle, dried in an oven at 110 °C for overnight and calcined at 900 °C for 10 hours. The optimum conditions of the esterification and transesterification processes was evaluated by varying temperature and time of reaction for both processes. The biodiesel conversion was analyzed by using GC and the biodiesel chacteristics were analized and the results were compared to Standar National for Biodiesel (SNI 04-7183-2006). The maximum yield of biodiesel was 80.04% at reaction conditions of H2504 catalyst was 3%, the mole ratio of oil: methanol was 1:18, temperature was 70°C, and reaction time was 2 hours, and the transesterification condition were temperature at 60°C, and reaction time for 3 hours. The characteristics of biodiesel were in the range of standar for biodiesel (SNI 04-7183-2006).
IMPREGNASI KOH PADA KATALIS YANG BERASAL DARI CANGKANG KERANG DARAH (Anadara granosa) KALSINASI SUHU 800 °C UNTUK PRODUKSI BIODIESEL
(2016-10-19) Mulviani; Linggawati, Amilia; Nurhayati
Impregnation of KOH on blood cockle shell catalyst is one of the ways to improve the catalyst performance in biodiesel synthesis. The presence of new base sites due to increased base catalyst performance to increase the convertion of triglycerides into biodiesel. In this study, the catalyst was derived from decomposition of blood cockle shells at 800 °C for 5 and 10 hours. The catalysts was impregnated with KOH by wet impregnation method (percentage K: 1, 3 dan 5%). Type of minerals contained in blood cockle shell catalysts before and after impregnated with KOH (percentage K: 1, 3, and 5%) were Portlandite (Ca(OH)2) and Calcite (CaCO3). The CKD-10-5K catalyst had the highest basicity and potassium were 2,0333 mmol/g dan 6,00%, while CKD-5-1K had the highest surface area was 33,8911 m2/g. The optimum biodiesel result was 81,74% obtained from transesterification of waste cooking oil using CKD-10-5K catalyst by the reaction conditions were weight catalyst 3 g, oil and methanol mole ratio 1:6, reaction temperature 60±2 ºC and reaction time 3 hours. It has been observed that the basicity has much influence on the catalytic activities impregnated-KOH catalysts towards transesterification
KINERJA ADSORBEN CANGKANG BIJI KARET TERAKTIVASI H3PO4 TERHADAP PENYINGKIRAN WARNA AIR GAMBUT PASCA KOAGULASI
(2021-05) Agustin, Jumbri; Linggawati, Amilia
Rubber seed shells (Hevea brasiliensis) contain fiber and various carbon compounds such a selulose, hemicellulose and lignin which are potentially used as adsorbents. In this study, rubber seed shells was carbonized at 500°C for 15 minutes and activated with H3PO4 activator. Various concentrations that used for addition of activator are 5; 10;15% to found the best conditions. Charcoal produced was characterized to determine water content, ash content, and iodine absorption. Rubber seed shell charcoal was activated by H3PO4 10% was the best condition and had characteristics a water content of 0,89%; ash content of 0,24%, iodine absorption 829,77 mg L-1. Rubber seed shell activated charcoal was applied for post-coagulation peat water treatment with variations of mass (1,0; 1,5; 2,0) g and contact time 15 minutes. The best condition of peat water adsorption was obtained at dose of 1,5 g (A1,5) with a percentage of color removal 97,07%. Rubber seed shell charcoal activated by H3PO4 10% has been able to improve the parameter of color, in accordance with PERMENKES RI No.32 of 2017.
KINERJA ARANG AKTIF CANGKANG BIJI KARET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS pH AIR GAMBUT PASCA KOAGULASI: PENGARUH DOSIS ADSORBEN
(2021-05) Triana, Nada; Linggawati, Amilia
Rubber seed shells have chemical composition of cellulose, lignin, and pentosan as a carbon source, which potentially to be used as charcoal which functions as an adsorbent. This research aims to convert rubber seed shells into charcoal through a carbonization process and activated with various concentrations of ZnCl2 (5; 10; 15%), then applied for post-coagulation peat water treatment. The best concentration of rubber seed shells activated charcoal (ACBK) was contacted with post-coagulation peat water with various dosages (1; 1.5; 2 g). The resulting ACBK was characterized by determined the moisture content and ash content gravimetrically,and iodine absorption capacity. The best adsorption results were carried out by ACBK 5% at a dose of 1.5 g was able to increased pH from 2.89 to 6.5. The value has been qualified into PERMENKES RI No.32 of 2017 about Environmental Health Quality Standards and Water Health Requirements for Sanitation Hygiene Purposes.
KINERJA BIOKOAGULAN BIJI DURIAN (Durio zibethinus) YANG DIPREPARASI SECARA PENGGILINGAN KERING (Dry mill) UNTUK PENYISIHAN TSS PADA AIR GAMBUT
(Elfitra, 2023-05) Saputra, Deni; Linggawati, Amilia
Durian seeds (Durio zibethinus) are durian fruit waste which has active components in the form of protein and starch which can act as coagulant agents. This study aims to determine the biocoagulant performance of prepared durian seeds dry mill (DM) method of durian seeds in peat water TSS removal. Characterization of biocoagulants was carried out by determining protein content with the Kjeldahl test. Determination of the effectiveness of durian seed biocoagulant performance was carried out at a dose 1 g with variations in coagulation pH (3, 4, 5, 6 and 8). The protein content of the DM biocoagulant was 10.24%. TSS analysis results from various pH variations at a dose of 1 g have not been able to remove TSS from peat water. The TSS obtained did not meet PP No. 22 years 2021.
KINERJA EKSTRAK BIJI DURIAN (Durio zibethinus) YANG DIPREPARASI DENGAN PELARUT NaCl SEBAGAI BIOKOAGULAN UNTUK PENYISIHAN KEKERUHAN PADA AIR GAMBUT
(Elfitra, 2023-05) Hasni, Paramita; Linggawati, Amilia
Utilization of grain as a natural coagulant (biocoagulant) can reduce the use of synthetic coagulants in peat water treatment. Durian seeds can be used as a biocoagulant because they contain protein. This study aims to prepare, characterize and determine the effectiveness of durian seeds in treating peat water with 1 M NaCl. Characterization of biocoagulants was carried out by determining protein content using the Kjeldahl test. Determination of the effectiveness of durian seed biocoagulant performance was determined at the coagulation pH (3, 4, 5, 6 and 8). The protein content determined by the Kjeldahl method on BDNaCl biocoagulants was 12.25%. The results of turbidity analysis using biocoagulants BDNaCl with various pH variations have not been able to remove turbidity in peat water. Therefore, the aim of this research has not been achieved.
KINERJA KOAGULAN CAIR BERBASIS LEMPUNG ALAM DALAM PENGOLAHAN AIR GAMBUT
(2017-01-05) Fashrah, Addinul; Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia
Liquid coagulant from Cengar clay has been used for coagulation of peat water. Based on temperature differences leached, it was obtained two types of liquid coagulant that were KC80 and KC100 with pH of 1.3 which were then used for improving the color and turbidity of peat water. KC80 contained Al and Fe of 223.7 mg L- 1 and 10.3 mg L-1, respectively. The content of Al and Fe at KC100 were 224.9 mg L-1 and 10.5 mg L-1. Analysis results of color and turbidity natural peat water by UV - Vis and turbidimeter were 1676 TCU and 73.4 NTU, respectively. After coagulation, KC80 was more efficient coagulant than KC100 in reducing color and turbidity of peat water. Coagulation efficiency was obtained 83,4 % for color and 68,6 % for turbidity. Value of peat water turbidity after coagulation has met the requirements of water quality which is regulated in PERMENKES 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990.
LEMPUNG ALAM DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) KUANTAN SEBAGAI PENYANGGA KATALIS: STRUKTUR KATALISATOR Ni-LEMPUNG
(2013-03-21) Muhdarina; Nurhayati; Linggawati, Amilia; Syakiroh
Lempung alam DAS Kuantan dipilih sebagai sumber, lalu dipilarisasi menggunakan ion Keggin. Lempung terpilar ini digunakan sebagai penyangga bagi penyediaan katalis logam Ni. Katalis disediakan dengan menginterkalasi logam melalui prekursor Ni(N03)2.6H20 kepada lempung terpilar, kemudian dikalsinasi pada 550°C selama 4 jam. Perubahan struktur yang terjadi dipelajari dengan difraktometer sinar X. Prekursor yang ditambahkan kepada lempung terpilar menyisakan oksida NiO di atas penyangga lempung yang ditunjukkan dengan d-spacing (2 theta) 2,41 A (37,3°) dan 2,07 A (43,5°). Oksida NiO yang dihasilkan di atas penyangga lempung terpilar berbentuk nanopartikel.
Model Kinetika Adsorpsi Pb(II) pada Lempung Talanai Kalsinasi 500"C
(2013-03-21) Nurhayati; Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia; Erman
Kemampuan daya scrap lempung alam Desa Talanai terhadap kation logam Pb(II) dalam media air telah dianalisis dengan mempelajari kinetika dan model Isoterm adsorpsinya. Sebelum analisis, lempung tersebut diaktivasi secara fisika dengan cara kalsinasi pada suhu SOO^C selama 3 jam. Analisis dilakukan dengan Spektroskopi Serapan Atom dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi, suhu, dan waktu kontak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi penyerapan optimum dari lempung terhadap ion Pb(ll) untuk konsentrasi awal pada adsorbat (Pb) adalah 95,3634% pada suhu 65°C. Kinetika serapan lempung mengikuti kinetika Pseudo orde-dua dengan nilai adalah 0,999 dengan harga tetapan laju (k2) adalah 2,081 mg/g min.
Pemanfaatan Kaolinit Alam Desa Sukamaju Kabupaten Kuansing Sebagai Bahan Membran Hibrid Nilon 6,6-Kaolinit: Pengaruh komposisi kaolinit pada karakter membran hibrid nilon 6,6
(wahyu sari yeni, 2018-10-22) Linggawati, Amilia; Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Novita, Rindy Lokasari
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mernanfaatkan kaolinit alam desa Suka Maju Kabupaten Kuansing sebagai bahan rnernbran hibrid nilon 6,6. Fokus kajian adalah mempelajari pengaruh komposisi kaolinit pada karakter membran hibrid yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pembuatan larutan tuang nilon 6,6-kaolinit dengan rasio komposisi nilon 6, 6-kaolinit 97,5/2,5; 95/5; 90/10; 80/20. Membran yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi untuk mengetahui unsur kirnia, morfologi, sifat terma, detjat kekristalan dan permeabilitas. Karakterisasi, morfologi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), analisis unsur dengan EDX, selektivitas dengan penentuan rejeksi dekstran dan permeabilitas melalui fluks air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi komposisi kaolinit semakin kecil ukuran pori. Peningkatan komposisi kaolinit meningkatkan derajat kekristalan dan memperkecil ukuran pori membran. Peningkatan komposisi kaolinit membran hibrid meningkatkan permeabilitas dari 1,5 x 1(}3 m/ s hingga 0,18 x 10-1 m/s dan selektivitas meningkat dari 42% hingga 71,8%. Berdasarkan nilai fluks, dan ukuran pori membran hibrid yang dihasilkan adalah tipe mikrofiltrasi.
Pemanfaatan Kaolint Alam Desa Sukamaju Kabupaten Kuansing Untuk Pembuatan Membran Hibrid Nilon 6,6: Pengaruh Komposisi Kaolinit Pada Stabilitas Termal, Morfologi dan Sifat Pemisahan Membran Hibrid Nilon 6,6-Kaolinit
(2012-10-22) Linggawati, Amilia
Kaolinit adalah mineral lempung tipe 1;1. setiap satuan terdiri dari lapisan oksida- S1 dan Hidroksida-Al. tipe lapisan seperti ini berpotensi sebagai material host untuk interkelasi secara kimia.
PEMBUATAN KOAGULAN CAIR BERBASIS LEMPUNG ALAM (SUHU EKSTRAKSI 80 DAN 100 oC) DAN EFISIENSINYA DALAM MENGURANGI KANDUNGAN TSS DAN TDS AIR GAMBUT
(2016-05-02) Anggraini, Novi; Muhdarina; Linggawati, Amilia
Cengar clay was used as raw material for synthesis liquid coagulant. The liquid coagulant was prepared through extraction of Cengar clay (calcination at 700oC for 3 hours) by 0.2 mol sulfuric acid solution at temperatures of 80 and 100 °C for 2 hours. The coagulants were tested for peat water coagulation by measuring TDS and TSS. The results of peat water parameters after treatment were compared to PERMENKES 416/Health Minister/PER/IX/1990 about Water Quality for TDS and PP No.82 of 2001 on Water Quality and Water Pollution Control for TSS. The result showed that liquid coagulants can fix TDS and TSS of peat water parameters that were analyzed. The optimum coagulant was KLC3 (80-2), made through extraction at 80 oC for 2 hours, with removal percentage of TSS was 75% and TDS was 5,79%.
PEMBUATAN KOAGULAN CAIR DARI LEMPUNG PALAS KECAMATAN RUMBAI UNTUK KOAGULASI AIR GAMBUT: PENGARUH WAKTU KALSINASI DAN SUHU PELINDIAN
(2016-05-02) Andini, Gaprina; Linggawati, Amilia; Muhdarina
Palas clay was one of feedstocks for producing the liquid coagulant cause has an Al oxide content of 29%. Aluminum can bind colloidal particles, organic matter and other impurities in the water. Liquid coagulant was made using natural clay on calcined at 700C for 3 hours. The next step was leaching at 100C for 2 hours using sulfuric acid extractor with a concentration of 0,2 mol. Liquid coagulant obtained was used in coagulation process peat water and analyzed several parameters such as pH, turbidity and TSS (Total Suspended Solid). The results of analysis parameters was compared to PERMENKES No.416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 about "Requirements and Water Quality Control". K1 (30:300) as a liquid coagulant was effective to improve the parameters of peat water.
PENGARUH SUHU AKTIVASI FISIKA PADA DAYA JERAP IODIN ADSORBEN CANGKANG BUAH KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) PERLAKUAN H3PO4
(Elfitra, 2023-01) Rahayu, Rahayu; Linggawati, Amilia
The rubber fruit shell (CBK) (Havea brasiliensis) is waste product from rubber plantations that has carbon sources so can be used as adsorbent. In this study The rubber fruit shell chemically activated use activator H3PO4 10% produce low iodine adsorption capacity, then activated physically with variation in temperature (250; 300; 400)ºC and 15 minutes. The results of the characterization of iodine adsorption capacity (AACBK) were obtained in AACBK 250-15 sebesar 875,92 mg g-1 , AACBK 300-15 sebesar 1,074,35 mg g-1 , AACBK 400-15 sebesar 1.271,31 mg g-1. The character of rubber fruit shell activated charcoal (AACBK) produced by the adsorption capacity of iodine meets the standards as an adsorbent in SNI 06-3730-1995 regulations.
PENGARUH SUHU AKTIVASI FISIKA PADA DAYA JERAP IODIN ARANG CANGKANG BUAH KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) TERAKTIVASI ZnCl2
(Elfitra, 2023-07) Elfalita, Suci Ramadhani Sona; Linggawati, Amilia
The rubber plant is an industrial plant which generally only uses the sap, while other parts such as the shells of the rubber pods are not utilized and only become waste. Rubber fruit shell (CBK) contains 18.00% hemicellulose, 61.04% cellulose and 21.60% lignin, which is a carbon source for making activated charcoal adsorbents. This study aims to convert rubber fruit shells into charcoal through a physical activation process at various temperatures (250, 300, 400)℃. This research was conducted by means of chemical activation using 5% ZnCl2 and physical activation at various temperatures (250, 300, 400)℃. The rubber fruit shell activated charcoal produced was characterized by determining the adsorption capacity of iodine. The results of the characterization of the adsorption capacity of iodine amounted to 1,448.83 mg g-1. The results obtained by the adsorption capacity of iodine have met the SNI standard no. 06- 3730-1995.

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