Optimalisasi Suhu dan Waktu Produksi Enzim Selulase dari Bakteri Selulolitik Strain Lokal S-16

Abstract

Bacterial S-16 is one of the local strains of cellulolytic bacteria of biochemistry laboratory collection, FMIPA Riau University that is able to produce the cellulose enzyme. Cellulase enzyme is an enzyme that can hydrolyze the cellulose into reducing sugars. Production of enzyme from a microorganism is influenced by internal factors (genetic) and external such as temperature, pH, inducer compounds, carbon source and production time. In this study, the optimization of production of cellulase enzyme from S-16 was conducted in two phases : first optimization of the temperature variations of 25°C, 35°C, 50°C, 60°C and the second stage of the optimization of the production time variations 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 o’clock at the optimum temperature obtained from the first stage. Produced cellulase enzyme activity was calculated based on reducing sugar formed from CMC substrate hydrolysis by cellulase enzymes with Nelson-Somogyi. Cellulase enzyme activity is equivalent to reduce sugar hydrolysis results. The results showed that the highest activity of cellulase enzyme bacterial S-16 was obtained at a temperature of 5°C which equal to 32x10-4 U/mL and the optimum production time at 21 hours by 60x10-4 U/mL. The highest protein content is at 15 hours of production time by 0,04413 mg/mL whereas cellulase activity and specific activity were not detected. Therefore, it is assumed that these bacterias produce another protein beside cellulase enzyme protein.