OPTIMASI EKSTRAKSI DAN KARAKTERISASI SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA MINYAK DARI BIJI PICUNG (Pangium edule Reinw)

Abstract

The aim of this research was to find the optimum extraction and physical-chemical characteristics of Picung kernel oil. The treatments were chopping and smoking of picung kernel. After smoked, picung kernels were extracted by mechanical presser in order to get crude oil. The crude oil was analyzed to determine it’s physical and chemical characteristics. The design was Randomized Block Design and arranged in factorial. The first factor was chopping and intact picung kernel. The second factor was length of time for smoking i.e. 12, 18, 24 and, 30 hours. The results showed that the treatment of chopping and smoking did not show significant difference for oil yield but showed significant difference for physical and chemical oil characteristics such as acid number, moisture content, and oil color. The optimum extraction was found by smoking picung kernel intact for 30 hours, which gave oil yield of 51.810%, iodine number of 10.179, acid number of 1.433, peroxide number of 0.208, moisture content of 0.259%, density value of 0.915 g/L, and rather yellow oil color. Iodine number, acid number, peroxide number, moisture content, density value and color of intact picung kernel oil at optimum rate (30 hours) meets Indonesian standard for cooking oil (SNI-3741-1995).