Abstract:
Crude oil is a nonrenewable and limited supply of energy with an increasing
demand. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternative energies to fulfill this demand.
Bioethanol is one of renewable alternative energy. Its main raw material is glucose.
Glucose can be obtained by hydrolyzing biomass. Biomass used for this research was
empty pahn stem.
The objection of the research was measuring concentration decomposition of
hemi cellulose sugar of empty palm stem. The glucose in hydolisat was analyzed with
Nelson-Somogyi reagent, and spectrophotometry visible.
The variable of this research were particle size (bigger aiid smaller than 10
mesh) and solvent concentration (H2SO4 and NaOH, 0 %, 1% and 1.5%). The tune of
prehydrolysis was 30, 60 and 120 minute at the boiling point solution. The research
showed that the biggest concentration of glucose was 4.30393 |j.g/ml for particle smaller
than 10 mesh and 2.5198 ug/ml for particle bigger than 10 mesh with the concentration of
H2SO4 solvent 1 % at the time 60 minute. For the concentration on NaOH 1 %, the
biggest glucose concehtratiori was also obtained wdth 5.0711 ug/ml for for particle size
smaller than 10 mesh and the time of prehydrolysis was 60 minute. 2.859 ug/ml particle
size bigger than 10 mesh and the time of prehydrolysis was 30 niihute.
Keyword : Bioethanol, empty palm stem, glucose, spectrophotometry visible
