KARAKTERISASI DAN ANALISIS FITOKIMIA BENALU YANG TUMBUH PADA INANG SAWO (Manilkara zapota) MENGGUNAKAN PENANDA MORFOLOGI DAN KROMATOGRAFI LAPIS TIPIS (KLT) DALAM EKSTRAK ETANOL

Abstract

Indonesia is one of mega biodiversity countries that has a high potency as a producent of traditional medicine such as parasitic plant. This plant group is a plant that does not need soil for its growth due to its ability to attach on other plant branch or stem and absorb the nutrient from its host as holoparasitic or semiparasitic plant. One of the parasitic plant hosts is Sapotaceae species, Manilkara zapota (sawo). The objectives of this study were to characterize the parasitic plants on sawo and to analize their chemical compounds using phytochemical test and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) in ethanolic extract. The specimens were collected using survey method and observed their detail morphological characters to provide peoper identification. The simplycia from both parasitic plant and its host (sawo) was divided into three parts i.e. leave, bark, branch and extracted in ethanoloic solvent. The filtrate was evaporated using rotary evaporator, followed by phytochemical test, such as flavonoid, fenolic, tanin, saponin, terpenoid, steroid and alkaloid test. The result of the morphological character examination showed that the parasitic plants on sawo was Scurrula athroporea. The TLC result gave the best chemical compund separation on leaves due to the appearance of many spots. The phytochemical test showed that the parasitic plants and plant hosts contain flavonoid, fenolik, tanin, saponin, terpenoid and alkaloid.