Abstract:
Threats of fuel crisis and dependence on fossil fuels is still quite high. For that fact we need an alternative energy to replace crude oil as fuel. An alternative way is on converting biomass into bio-oil. Palm empty fruit bunch biomass is one that can be processed into bio-oil. Through pyrolysis hydrodeoxygenation using HZSM-5 catalyst is expected to produce bio-oil that having quality of the fuel. In this study, biomass, silinap, and HZSM-5 catalyst were introduced into the slurry reactor, having N2 gas flowing and then H2 gas flow is switched at 2000C for replacing N2 gas. Variables measured in this study, were the size of biomass particle ±0.5cm, biomass weight 50 g, stirring speed 300 rpm and flow rate of N2 and H2 gas were 80 ml/min, while the temperature is varied. This variation of temperature is aimed to determine the effect of temperature on the quality and yield of bio-oil produced. Optimum yield of bio-oil is obtained at 3200C having ratio of HZSM-5 catalyst 2% w/w i.e. 55.975%. It has been measured of bio-oil physical properties such as calorific value 42.054 MJ/kg; density 0.996 g/ml; viscosity 1.12 cSt; flash point 38°C and acidity 21.946 g NaOH/g sample, respectively. Based on the GC-MS analysis of the results showed that the component of the bio-oil, among others were acetic acid 45.21%, phenol 23.74%, methyl alcohol 15.33%, furan carboxy aldehyde 4.64%, propanoid acid 2.23%, respectively.
