Abstract:
The coastal region is a strategic region while most vulnerable to alteration, disturbance and
pollution by man. The area is strategic because it said almost all of the coastal area in Indonesia is
the main gate of marine economic activities on its territory respectively, while said to be most
vulnerable to changes that occur naturally, due to the human activity, or a combination of both.
Development of the coastal area is carried out focused, systematic and planned, to achieve the
welfare of society. To that end the community must be a subject/major offender in the management
of the coastal areas, so it can continue to noticed and kept the power support ecosystems and
biological resources stock waters. In law No. 1 year 2014 stated that: Coastal Zone is a
transitional area between terrestrial and marine ecosystems that are affected by changes in land
and sea, towards land covering the administrative area of the sub-district and towards the sea as
far as 12 nautical miles measured from the coastline Along with the development of the issue of
human rights, democracy, environment life and gender equality, it has influenced the government's
thinking to improve the management of natural resources and the environment by promoting the
principles of justice, democracy and the sustainability of the functions of natural resources and the
environment. For this reason, it is hoped that the role of women in policy making is related to
environmental management issues. (Darmastuti, 2010). Generally in coastal areas, the economic
contribution of women is quite high. Likewise, what happened in the coastal area of Kecamatan
Pasir Limau Kapas Kabupaten Rokan Hilir, many women participated in utilizing coastal
resources.
As for the purpose of this research was: analyzing gender-based community empowerment, analyse
the management of the coastal area and Formulating Gender-based community empowerment
Strategies in the management of the coastal area in Kecamatan Pasir Limau Kapas Kabupaten
Rokan Hilir. Method of data collection is to disseminate the questionnaire against 99 (ninety-nine)
respondents women and doing interviews with the informant of the man who was chosen
intentionally, relevant to the research. As for the indicators of the management of the coastal area
consists of 8 indicators, namely: planning, decision making, organizing, leadership, control,
financial, physical and information. Data analysis was done with Descriptive Analysis and SWOT
analysis.
Based on the research results obtained an idea that communities of the coastal area in Kecamatan
Pasir Limau Kapas, already powerless, especially in terms of self-empowerment (self
empowerment), meaning that their activities because of the strength they have as well as a fairly
high spirit in doing various activities. While the empowerment of Governments (Government
empowerment) and from non government (community empowermment) is still low, meaning that it
has not been fully able to assist the activities of the community. However reviewed from the
perspective of gender, women are still lagging behind in comparison to men, especially not yet
maximal participated strategic decision-making.
The management of coastal areas is based on eight indicators, the average results show good
enough, and can be sorted from the highest to lowest percentage as follows: Leadership 78.60%;
Organizing 69.50%; Information 68.80%; Finance 67.70%; Physical 67.70%; Control of 67.50%;
Planning 62.30% and Decision Making 61.70%. The research data from the eight indicators above
are SWOT dimensions for analyzing coastal area management strategies grouped into four
elements, namely Internal which consists of Strength and Weakness, and External consisting of
Opportunity and Threat ( Threats). Furthermore, it is reviewed based on four elements, namely:
Strength: Leadership and Organization; Weakness: Decision Making and Planning; Opportunity
Elements: Information and Physical and Threat Elements: Control and Finance. The results of the analysis with a qualitative SWOT matrix approach, obtained an illustration that the dimensions of
leadership and organization are factors that become strengths, while the weakness is in decision
making and planning.
The 'SO' strategy (Strengths Opportunity) is a strategy to use the power that is owned to take
advantage of the opportunities that exist, for that strategy to develop leadership is very important
and local organizations are social capital to empower women. The 'WO' (Weaknessess
Opportunities) strategy is a strategy to reduce weaknesses by taking advantage of opportunities. Of
the various forms of weaknesses and opportunities that have been identified from research, the
strategy of involving women in planning is very important, because it can accommodate the needs
of the community so that sustainable development, while infrastructure and infrastructure are
sufficiently good, can be utilized maximally, and involve women in decision making. The 'ST'
strategy (Strengths Threats) is a strategy to use force to avoid threats. For this reason, it is
necessary to develop a strategy to improve supervision from leaders of organizations both Formal
and Informal, and to conduct various collaborations in collecting funds used for coastal area
management. The 'WT' (Weaknessess Threats) strategy is a strategy to reduce weaknesses or
minimize weaknesses to avoid or control threats. Of the various kinds of threats that have been
identified that can have an influence on the achievement of coastal area management objectives.
For the strategy of involving local governments to conduct planning in the short and long term in
managing the environment and conducting periodic evaluations, an alternative strategy can be
developed.
Based on the results of the above research, the Gender-Based Community Empowerment Strategy
in Coastal Area Management is to involve women in planning because it can accommodate the
needs of the women's community for sustainable development, education and training for women so
that women can contribute to the decision-making process